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Reconstruction of Cu–ZnO catalyst by organic acid and deactivation mechanism in liquid-phase hydrogenation

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 9, Pages 1311-1319 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2281-9

Abstract: active site Cu⁺, while the latter two forms of ZnO took the main responsibility for the deactivationmethod resulted in a new Cu–ZnO catalyst with more Cu⁺ and less ZnO species that leads to deactivationFurthermore, the deactivation mechanism of Cu–ZnO catalysts in liquid-phase diester hydrogenation incatalysts via transesterification catalyzed by weakly interacted ZnO and isolated ZnO leads to the deactivation

Keywords： liquid phase hydrogenation Cu–ZnO deactivation mechanism 1 4-butanediol diester

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Deactivation and regeneration of TS-1/SiO

Hainan SHI, Yaquan WANG, Guoqiang WU, Wenping FENG, Yi Lin, Teng ZHANG, Xing JIN, Shuhai WANG, Xiaoxue WU, Pengxu YAO

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 202-209 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1328-3

Abstract: The major reason of the catalyst deactivation was the blockage of the channels of the catalyst by bulky

Keywords： TS-1/SiO₂ epoxidation of propylene fixed-bed reactor deactivation regeneration

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Catalysis and deactivation of montmorillonite K10 in the aryl O -glycosylation of glycosyl trichloroacetoimidates

Xiaoliu LI, Xinhao YAN, Zhiwei LI, Hua CHEN, Pingzhu ZHANG,

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 3, Pages 342-347 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0279-1

Abstract: trichloroacetamide molecule deposits on the MK10, which blocks and poisons the active sites, resulting in the deactivation

Keywords： photoelectron spectroscopy adsorption-desorption glycosylation deactivated diffraction

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Chemical deactivation of V

Xiaodong WU, Wenchao YU, Zhichun SI, Duan WENG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages 420-427 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0489-0

Abstract: The deactivation effects of poisoning agents follow the sequence of KCl>KOH>>NH Cl.The more severe deactivation of the KCl-treated catalyst can be mainly ascribed to the higher amount

Keywords： V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂ potassium chloride poisoning reducibility acid sites

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Kinetic model for hydroisomerization reaction of C-aromatics

XU Ouguan, SU Hongye, JIN Xiaoming, CHU Jian

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 1, Pages 10-16 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0015-2

Abstract: An empirical catalyst deactivation function is incorporated into the model accounting for the loss in

Keywords： ordinary differential Runge-Kutta catalyst deactivation C-paraffins optimization

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Theory and method of mechanism system design

Huijun ZOU, Qinghua LIANG, Qing ZHANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2010, Volume 5, Issue 4, Pages 399-411 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0116-8

Abstract: Conceptual design is the most critical and creative phase of design. Recently, increasing attention has been directed to supporting conceptual-level computer aided creative design and its theories and methodologies. Specifically, for conceptual design of mechanical products, this paper presents a novel function solving model for mechanical product design and highlights the importance of systematic synthesis to achieve creative design. Then it builds a framework as a function-effect-process-action- mechanisms (FEPAM) mapping process, which enables creative design on the basis of conceiving different action schemes. After that, several key points are elaborated including 1) representing and decomposition methods of functions and motion behaviors; 2) action scheme representing method based on network plan techniques; and 3) variation and creation methods based on action scheme transformations.

Keywords： mechanism system creative design process model function solving model process action procedure mechanismsknowledge base principle of mechanism system composition

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Formation mechanism and modeling of surface waviness in incremental sheet forming

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2022, Volume 17, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0679-1

Abstract: surface quality has always been a challenge for incremental sheet forming (ISF), whereas the generation mechanismIn this paper, the formation mechanism and the prediction of waviness are both investigated through experimentsengineering application, a theoretical model for waviness height is proposed based on the generation mechanismThis work is favorable for the perfection of formation mechanism and control of surface quality in ISF

Keywords： surface waviness incremental sheet forming numerical simulation formation mechanism deformation history

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Autogenous healing mechanism of cement-based materials

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering Pages 948-963 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0960-3

Abstract: However, systematic research on the autogenous healing mechanism of cement-based materials is lackingScanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy were used to examine the autogenous healing mechanism

Keywords： autogenous healing cement-based materials healing mechanism aggregation effect

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Optimal design of a linkage–cam mechanism-based redundantly actuated parallel manipulator

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021, Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 451-467 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0634-6

Abstract: A redundantly actuated parallel manipulator (RAPM) with mixed translational and rotational degrees of freedom (DOFs) is challenged for its dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian modeling and optimal design of architecture. In this paper, a means to achieve redundant actuation by adding kinematic constraints is introduced, which reduces the DOFs of the end-effector (EE). A generic dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian is developed for this type of RAPMs, which maps the generalized velocities of three points on the EE to the joint velocities. A new optimization algorithm derived from this dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian is proposed for the optimal design of this type of RAPMs. As an example, this paper presents a spatial RAPM involving linkages and cam mechanisms. This RAPM has 4 DOFs and 6 translational actuations. The linkage lengths and the position of the universal joints of the RAPM are optimized based on the dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian.

Keywords： redundant actuation parallel manipulator linkage–cam mechanism Jacobian optimal design

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Cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication machining: from mechanism to application

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021, Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 649-697 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0654-2

Abstract: Second, the cooling–lubrication mechanism of CMQL and its influence mechanism on material hardness, cuttingThe effects of CMQL are systematically analyzed based on its mechanism and application form.

Keywords： cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication (CMQL) cryogenic medium processing mode device application mechanism

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Review on mechanism and process of surface polishing using lasers

Arun KRISHNAN, Fengzhou FANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2019, Volume 14, Issue 3, Pages 299-319 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0535-0

Abstract: This article gives a detailed overview of the laser polishing mechanism by explaining various process

Keywords： laser polishing surface roughness process parameters mechanism

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Creation and integration mechanism of instrumentation flexible developing system

Xiaoli XU, Qiushuang LIU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2011, Volume 6, Issue 2, Pages 235-240 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0122-5

Abstract: flexible developing system (IFDS), this paper discusses the creation and open flexible integration mechanismBased on the operation mechanism of the modern instrumentation developing system and the research and

Keywords： modern instrumentation developing flexible interconnection flexible integration mechanism rapid integration

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Effective regeneration of thermally deactivated commercial V-W-Ti catalysts

Xuesong SHANG, Jianrong LI, Xiaowei YU, Jinsheng CHEN, Chi HE

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 38-46 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1167-z

Abstract: An effective method for the regeneration of thermally deactivated commercial monolith SCR catalysts was investigated. Two types of regenerated solutions, namely NH Cl (1 mol/L) and dilute H SO (0.5 mol/L), were employed to treat the used catalyst. The effects of temperature and the regeneration process on the structural and textural properties of the catalysts were determined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N adsorption/desorption, elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results suggest that the anatase phase of the used catalyst is maintained after exposure to high temperatures. Some of the catalytic activity was restored after regeneration. The catalyst regenerated by aqueous NH Cl had a higher activity than that of the catalyst treated by dilute H SO . The main reason is that the NH generated from the decomposition of NH Cl at high temperatures can be adsorbed onto the catalyst which promotes the reaction. The aggregated V O were partially re-dispersed during the regeneration process, and the intrinsic oxidation of ammonia with high concentrations of O is a factor that suppresses the catalytic activity.

Keywords： V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂ catalysts thermal deactivation regeneration

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Mechanism and characterization of microplastic aging process: A review

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 8, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1700-6

Abstract:

● Methods for estimating the aging of environmental micro-plastics were highlighted.

Keywords： Microplastics Aging Degradation Characterization Mechanism

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Design of a novel side-mounted leg mechanism with high flexibility for a multi-mission quadruped earth

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023, Volume 18, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0740-0

Abstract: At present, few methods for these robots’ leg design utilize a side-mounted spatial parallel mechanismThus, this paper presents a complete design process of a novel 5-degree-of-freedom (5-DOF) hybrid leg mechanismFirst, a general approach is proposed for constructing the novel leg mechanism.With regard to the synthesis method of the parallel mechanism, a family of concise hybrid leg mechanismsFurthermore, the virtual quadruped rover equipped with this innovative leg mechanism is built.

Keywords： design synthesis parallel mechanism hybrid leg mechanism screw theory quadruped robot